Global Cardiometabolic Health

TITLE

Write a concise, specific, and informative title that reflects the study’s objective and scope. The title should clearly present the key concept, methodology/approach, and target population or outcome where appropriate. Avoid vague wording, unnecessary abbreviations, and overly broad claims. Use sentence case and ensure clarity for an international readership.

AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS

List all authors using a consistent format (e.g., given name followed by family name). Provide complete institutional affiliations for each author, including department, faculty/school, institution, city, and country.

Indicate the corresponding author with an asterisk (*) and provide a valid professional email address. Authorship should be limited to individuals who have made substantial contributions to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the study.

ABSTRACT

The abstract must be a self-contained summary of the study, with a maximum of 250 words. It should include:

• Brief background/rationale (1–2 sentences)
• Study objective
• Methods (design, participants, key procedures)
• Key results (include quantitative findings where possible, e.g., effect sizes, confidence intervals, p-values)
• Main conclusion and significance

Avoid citations, undefined abbreviations, and excessive methodological detail.

KEYWORDS

Provide 3–5 keywords that represent the core topics of the study. Use standardised and widely recognised scientific terms. Avoid repeating words already used in the title. Keywords should ideally reflect the following:

1. Main condition or disease
2. Study population
3. Methodological approach
4. Key outcome or variable

INTRODUCTION

The introduction should present a clear and logical background to the study, including:

• The main problem and its significance
• Current evidence and knowledge gaps
• The relevance of the topic in cardiometabolic health
• A clear statement of the research objective or hypothesis

METHODS

Describe the study methodology in sufficient detail to allow replication. This section should include:

• Study design
• Study setting and participants
• Sample size and sampling technique
• Inclusion and exclusion criteria
• Data collection procedures and instruments
• Outcome measures
• Statistical analysis
• Ethical approval (include approval number and institution)

All content should be written in a clear, continuous narrative.

RESULTS

Present the study findings in a logical sequence without interpretation. Include:

• Participant characteristics
• Primary and secondary outcomes
• Statistical analysis results

Use tables and figures where appropriate to enhance clarity.

TABLES AND FIGURES

Tables and figures should be clear, self-explanatory, and complement the text without duplication.

• Number consecutively and cite in the text
• Provide descriptive titles and captions
• Define all abbreviations in footnotes
• Ensure graphs include labelled axes, units, and legends
• Use high-resolution images suitable for publication

DISCUSSION

Interpret the findings in the context of existing literature. This section should:

• Explain the meaning and implications of the results
• Compare findings with previous studies
• Discuss possible mechanisms or explanations
• Highlight the contribution to cardiometabolic research
• Provide evidence-based recommendations where relevant

STUDY LIMITATIONS

Clearly describe any limitations of the study, including methodological constraints, sample size considerations, or potential biases.

CLINICAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH IMPLICATIONS

Explain the practical relevance of the findings for clinical practice, public health, or policy. Emphasise how the results contribute to improving cardiometabolic health outcomes.

CONCLUSION

Provide a concise conclusion that directly answers the research objective. Include key findings and their significance. Recommendations for future research or practice may be included where appropriate.

FUNDING

State all sources of funding. If no funding was received, include the statement:
“This research received no external funding.”

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Acknowledge individuals or institutions that contributed to the study but do not meet authorship criteria. This section is optional.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

Authors must declare any potential conflicts of interest. If none exist, include:
“The authors declare no conflict of interest.”

ETHICAL APPROVAL

All studies involving human participants must include a statement confirming ethical approval and informed consent. Animal studies must comply with relevant institutional and national guidelines.

DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT

Authors should specify the availability of data used in the study. Example:
“The data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.”

REFERENCES

References must be formatted in APA (American Psychological Association) 6th Edition style and listed alphabetically. Ensure all cited sources are included.

Journal Article with DOI

Author Last Name, A. A., & Author Last Name, B. B. (Year). Title of the article. Journal Name, Volume (Issue), pages. https://doi.org/xxxxx

Journal Article without DOI

Author Last Name, A. A. (Year). Title of the article. Journal Name, Volume(Issue), pages.

Book

Author Last Name, A. A. (Year). Title of the book. City: Publisher.

Conference Proceedings

Author Last Name, A. A. (Year). Title of paper. In the title of proceedings (pp. xx–xx). City: Publisher.

Reports

Organisation Name. (Year). Title of report. City: Publisher.

Theses/Dissertations

Author Last Name, A. A. (Year). Title (Unpublished thesis/dissertation). Institution, City.

Websites

Organisation Name. (Year). Title of webpage. Retrieved from URL

 

ARTICLE TYPES AND SPECIFIC AUTHOR GUIDELINES

Global Cardiometabolic Health

All manuscripts must adhere to international standards of reporting, transparency, and reproducibility. Authors are strongly encouraged to follow established reporting guidelines (e.g., CONSORT, STROBE, PRISMA, CARE, ARRIVE, TREND, SRQR, and COREQ as applicable).

1. ORIGINAL RESEARCH

1.1 Original Article (Full-Length Research)

High-impact, hypothesis-driven studies with substantial methodological rigor and clinical or scientific relevance.

Requirements

• Word limit: ≤3500 words (excluding references)
• Abstract: Structured (Background, Methods, Results, Conclusion), ≤300 words
• Figures/Tables: Maximum 6
• Graphical Abstract: Mandatory
• Key Points / Highlights: 3–5 bullet points (mandatory)
• Lay Summary: ≤250–300 words (mandatory)
• Peer Review: Double-blind

Mandatory Reporting Standards

• Clinical trials: CONSORT + trial registration (e.g., ClinicalTrials.gov)
• Observational studies: STROBE
• Diagnostic studies: STARD
• Intervention (non-randomized): TREND

Additional Requirements

• Ethics approval + reference number
• Informed consent statement
• Data availability statement (mandatory)
• Author contributions (CRediT taxonomy)
• Funding statement
• Conflict of interest disclosure
• Statistical reporting: effect size, confidence intervals, exact p-values

1.2 Brief Research Report / Research Letter

Concise, high-quality findings with clear scientific relevance.

Requirements

• Word limit: ≤1500 words
• Abstract: Not required
• Figures/Tables: Maximum 2
• Graphical Abstract: Optional but encouraged
• Key Points: 3–5 (mandatory)
• Lay Summary: ≤250–300 words (mandatory)
• Peer Review: Yes

Standards

• Must include essential methodological transparency
• Statistical reporting still required (no “p < 0.05 only” reporting)

1.3 Short Communication (Pilot Study)

Preliminary or feasibility studies with clear justification of future impact.

Requirements

• Word limit: ≤2000 words
• Abstract: Optional (≤200 words if included)
• Figures/Tables: Maximum 3
• Graphical Abstract: Recommended
• Key Points: 3–5 (mandatory)
• Lay Summary: ≤300 words (mandatory)
• Peer Review: Yes

Additional Requirement

• Must explicitly state feasibility outcomes or pilot objectives

2. REVIEW ARTICLES

2.1 Systematic Review / Meta-analysis

High-quality evidence synthesis following strict methodology.

Requirements

• Word limit: ≤3500 words
• Abstract: Structured, ≤300 words
• Figures: Must include PRISMA flow diagram
• Graphical Abstract: Mandatory
• Key Points: 3–5 (mandatory)
• Lay Summary: ≤300 words (mandatory)
• Peer Review: Yes

Mandatory Standards

• PRISMA 2020 checklist (must be submitted)
• Protocol registration (PROSPERO strongly recommended)
• Risk of bias assessment (e.g., Cochrane RoB, ROBINS-I)
• Meta-analysis methods clearly described (if applicable)

2.2 Narrative Review / State-of-the-Art Review

Expert synthesis with strong conceptual and clinical relevance.

Requirements

• Word limit: ≤3500 words
• Abstract: Structured, ≤300 words
• Graphical Abstract: Recommended
• Key Points: 3–5 (mandatory)
• Lay Summary: ≤300 words (mandatory)
• Peer Review: Yes

Expectation

• Must go beyond summary → provide critical insight, gaps, and future direction

3. CASE REPORT / CASE SERIES

Requirements

• Abstract: ≤250 words
• Figures: Encouraged (clinical images, diagnostics)
• Graphical Abstract: Recommended
• Patient Consent: Mandatory (written)
• Peer Review: Yes

Mandatory Standard

• Follow CARE guidelines

Additional Requirement

• Must clearly state novelty and clinical relevance

4. OTHER ARTICLE TYPES

4.1 Perspectives / Commentaries / Opinions

Requirements

• Word limit: ≤2000 words
• Abstract: Not required
• Figures: Optional
• Graphical Abstract: Optional
• Review: Editorial review only

Expectation

• Must be evidence-informed, not purely opinion-based
• Should include clear implications for research, policy, or clinical practice

4.2 Letter to the Editor

Requirements

• Word limit: ≤1000–1500 words
• Figures/Tables: Maximum 1
• Abstract: Not required
• Review: Editorial review only

Expectation

• Must be concise, focused, and scientifically grounded

5. MANDATORY CROSS-CUTTING ELEMENTS (Q1 STANDARD)

These apply to almost all article types:

5.1 Graphical Abstract

• Required for: Original Articles, Systematic Reviews
• Should visually summarise:
  • Study design
  • Key findings
  • Main implication
• Must be publication-quality (vector/high-resolution)

5.2 Key Points / Highlights

• 3–5 bullet points
• Each ≤20 words
• Focus on:
  • What is known
  • What is new
  • What this study adds

5.3 Lay Summary

• ≤300 words
• Audience: non-specialists
• Avoid jargon entirely
• Must answer:
  • Why this matters
  • What was done
  • What was found
  • Why it matters for health

5.4 Data Availability Statement (MANDATORY)

Examples:

• “Data available upon reasonable request”
• “Data publicly available at [repository + DOI]”

5.5 Reporting Transparency

Authors must include:

• Statistical software used
• Version number
• Pre-registration (if applicable)
• Missing data handling

5.6 Author Contributions (CRediT Taxonomy)

Example roles:

• Conceptualization
• Methodology
• Formal analysis
• Writing – original draft
• Writing – review & editing

5.7 Ethical Compliance

Must include:

• Ethics approval body + number
• Consent statement
• Compliance with Declaration of Helsinki

5.8 Open Science & Reproducibility (Highly Encouraged)

• Data sharing
• Code sharing (e.g., R scripts)
• Protocol publication