Write a concise and specific title that reflects the study’s objective and scope. Include the key concept, method/approach, and target, and avoid vague wording, unnecessary abbreviations, and overly broad claims. Use sentence case and ensure it is clear to an international audience.
AUTHOR AND AFFILIATIONS
List all authors using a consistent name format (e.g., given name followed by family name). Provide complete affiliations for each author, including department, faculty/school, institution, city, and country. Mark the corresponding author with an asterisk (*) and include a valid professional email address. Ensure authorship includes only individuals who made substantial contributions to the study and manuscript.
ABSTRACT
The abstract should be a self-contained summary of the study’s background, aim, methods, key results, and main conclusion, with a maximum of 250 words. Start with 1–2 sentences of rationale, then state the objective. Briefly describe the main approach and essential methods, and report the most important findings with quantitative values where possible (e.g., IC₅₀, MIC, docking score, yield, particle size, p-value). Conclude with an evidence-based statement of significance. Avoid citations, undefined abbreviations, and unnecessary methodological detail.
KEYWORDS
Provide 5 keywords that reflect the study’s core topics and support indexing. Use technical terms commonly used in international literature, avoid repeating words from the title, and prioritize terms describing (1) the main material/compound, (2) the main method, (3) the biological/clinical context, and (4) the analytical or computational approach.
INTRODUCTION
The introduction contains the research background. The introduction contains at least the main problem, the scale of the problem, the chronology of the problem, and the solutions that are considered by the researcher to conduct the research. At the end of the background the researcher must explain the purpose of the research.
METHODS
The research method contains research design, population, sample and sample size, sampling techniques, inclusion and exclusion criteria, location and time of study, research instruments used, data analysis used, and information on research ethical feasibility. All of these sections are explained in continuous narrative form.
RESULTS
The results of the study contain various data such as patient characteristics data, and data on statistical test results or data on the results of analysis.
TABLE AND FIGURE
Tables and figures should improve clarity and be understandable without referring to the main text. Cite each table and figure in numerical order and provide a descriptive caption. Use consistent units, significant figures, and formatting, and avoid presenting the same data in both a table and a figure. Define all abbreviations in table footnotes or figure captions. Graphs must include labelled axes, units, and legends. Ensure images, spectra, and schemes are high resolution and professionally formatted.
DISCUSSION
This section contains the views of researchers on the results of research that has been done. This view is the answer to what, why, and how. Each researcher's view must be supported by the results of previous research or previous research. Comparing theory and facts found in research is very important to be explained in this section. Providing suggestions or solutions to research results based on various previous research findings is also important to explain in order to make this section more comprehensive.
STUDY LIMITATIONS
This section contains various things that according to researchers are limitations in this study.
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
This section contains the clinical implications or uses and benefits of the results of this research for the advancement of nursing services in health care facilities.
CONCLUSION
This section contains the conclusions from the results of the research that has been done. The conclusion at least answers what is the main objective of the research. Recommendations from researchers to parties related to the results of this research are important to convey in this section. Conclusions and recommendations are presented in narrative form on an ongoing basis.
FUNDING
This section contains sources of funding in conducting research. If there is no funding agency in the research, then this section can be omitted.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This section contains the researcher's thanks to all parties who have been involved in and made the research activities successful. If the researcher feels it is not necessary, this section can be omitted.
REFERENCES
This section contains reference sources that have been used in research. Reference sources are books and various research journals. References are listed alphabetically in APA (American Psychological Association) 6th Edition style. Make sure all reference sources used are listed in the references.
Examples of journal references:
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Journal article with DOI
Format:
Author Last Name, A. A., & Author Last Name, B. B. (Year). Title of the article. Title of Journal, Volume(Issue), page–page. doi:xxxxx
Example:
Smith, J. A., & Rodriguez, M. L. (2024). Cardiometabolic risk factors among adults with sedentary lifestyles: A cross-sectional analysis. Journal of Cardiometabolic Health, 12(3), 145–156. doi:10.1234/jch.2024.0156
Journal article without DOI
Format:
Author Last Name, A. A. (Year). Title of the article. Title of Journal, Volume(Issue), page–page.
Example:
Rahman, T. H. (2023). Dietary habits and obesity trends among urban populations. International Journal of Metabolic Research, 8(2), 88–97.
Book
Book with one author
Format:
Author Last Name, A. A. (Year). Title of the book. City: Publisher.
Example:
Anderson, P. R. (2021). Cardiometabolic disease prevention and management. New York: Springer.
Book with two or more authors
Format:
Author Last Name, A. A., & Author Last Name, B. B. (Year). Title of the book. City, State: Publisher.
Example:
Brown, L. M., & Taylor, S. J. (2020). Clinical nutrition in cardiometabolic health. Boston, MA: Academic Press.
CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
Published proceedings
Format:
Author Last Name, A. A. (Year). Title of paper. In Title of proceedings (pp. xx–xx). City: Publisher.
Example:
Williams, K. D. (2022). Exercise interventions for reducing cardiometabolic risk in older adults. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health (pp. 55–62). London: Elsevier.
REPORTS
Organizational report
Format:
Organisation Name. (Year). Title of report. City: Publisher.
Example:
World Health Organisation. (2023). Global report on hypertension and cardiovascular risk. Geneva: World Health Organisation.
THESES / DISSERTATIONS
Format:
Author Last Name, A. A. (Year). Title of thesis or dissertation (unpublished undergraduate thesis/master’s thesis/doctoral dissertation). Institution Name, City.
Example:
Johnson, R. T. (2022). The acute effects of resistance exercise on appetite regulation in adults (unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Glasgow, Glasgow.
WEBSITES / ONLINE SOURCES
Website by an organisation
Format:
Organisation Name. (Year). Title of webpage. Retrieved from http://xxxxx
Example:
American Heart Association. (2024). Understanding cardiometabolic health. Retrieved from https://www.heart.org